Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) is a procedure used to end a pregnancy using medication in the form of pills. This method is commonly used in the early stages of pregnancy usually up to 10 weeks of gestation. Medical Termination of Pregnancy is highly effective and considered one of the most safest and risk free procedure as it bears no threats to future pregnancies. 98 % percent of the time medical termination of pregnancy is extremely efficient and yields desired results.
Types of Abortion
1. Medical Abortion
MTP is the non surgical solution to abortion. Medical Termination of Pregnancy involves taking medication in the form of pills which blocks the effect of progesterone, the hormone needed for the pregnancy to continue.
Mifepristone: This medication is taken first, usually at a healthcare provider’s clinic. Mifepristone blocks the hormone progesterone, which is necessary for the pregnancy to continue.
Misoprostol: This medication is taken 24 to 48 hours after the Mifepristone. Misoprostol causes the uterus to contract, leading to the expulsion of the pregnancy tissue.
The medical abortion process typically takes place over few days, with the patient taking the medications and experiencing the abortion at home.
2. Surgical Abortion
Procedures such as the D and C technique which can be performed during the first trimester. During the procedure the doctor dilates the cervix with an instrument or medication, then scrapes the uterine lining with a spoon shaped instrument called a curette to remove existing tissue.
D and E Abortion (Dilation and Evacuation Abortion), is another technique which is usually performed in the Second Trimester (mostly after 13 weeks of pregnancy )
The procedure is performed by dilating the cervix (the passage that connects the uterus and the vagina ) which is followed by the suction method.
What is Surgical Termination Of Pregnancy (STP)?
Surgical Termination of Pregnancy is a surgical procedure used to terminate a pregnancy. STP is performed in two ways namely, D and C (Dilation and Curettage) Abortion and Dilation and Evacuation Abortion (D&E Abortion).
a. D and C (Dilation and Curettage) Abortion
Dilation and Curettage Abortion is a surgical technique which is performed during the first trimester of pregnancy. During this procedure the doctor dilates the cervix with an instrument or medication, then scrapes the uterine lining with a curette (a spoon shaped instrument) to remove existing Fetal tissue.
b. Dilation and Evacuation Abortion (D&E Abortion) :
Dilation and Evacuation Abortion is a surgical procedure used to terminate pregnancy primarily during the second trimester.
The procedure involves dilating the cervix and then using a suction instrument to remove the foetus and the placenta. However, when compared to D and C Abortion , Dilation and Evacuation Abortion (D and E Abortion) is a bit more complex to perform.
Aftercare and Recovery
Recovery phase is as important as choosing which type of procedure you are opting for. Whether you choose surgical or non surgical abortion, giving yourself time and making yourself comfortable during the entire process is crucial.
Here are some key points to consider :
Bleeding and Cramping
Bleeding is a common symptom post abortion and lasts on an average of about a week or so, depending on the individual and the chosen type of abortion. You may experience varying levels of bleeding and cramping, depending on the type of abortion and your individual response. If you are experiencing extreme bleeding for more than a day or two it is highly recommended to consult a health professional.
Medical abortion: Moderate bleeding and cramping are typical, as the uterus contracts to expel the pregnancy tissue.
Surgical abortion: Lighter bleeding and cramping are noticed, as the pregnancy tissue is removed directly. However, risk factors including in procedure complications are relatively higher.
After your abortion, it is important to discuss birth control options with your healthcare provider to prevent an unintended pregnancy.
How soon after an abortion can you get pregnant?
A previous abortion does not affect the chances of a woman getting pregnant again nor does it affect her future pregnancies. Once the ovulation cycle starts which can be as early as 2 weeks, chances of the woman conceiving are back to normal.
How to remove retained products of conception after abortion?
In rare cases, some pregnancy tissue may remain in the uterus after an abortion. This is known as retained products of conception. If you experience prolonged bleeding or severe cramping, contact your healthcare provider, who may recommend a follow-up procedure to remove any of the remaining tissue.
Is Abortion Painful?
The experience of pain during an abortion varies from person to person and depends on the type of abortion procedure. Here’s what you can generally expect:
Medical Abortion:
- Pain Level: Often described as similar to heavy menstrual cramps.
- Duration: Pain typically starts within a few hours of taking the medication and can last for a few days.
- Management: Over-the-counter pain relievers and prescribed medications can help manage discomfort.
Surgical Abortion:
- Pain Level: Some people experience cramping during and after the procedure.
- Duration: Pain is usually brief during the procedure and may continue for a few hours afterward.
- Management: Local anesthesia, sedation, or general anesthesia are used to minimize pain during the procedure. Pain relievers can be used after the procedure.
Emotional Experience:
- Emotional Pain: It’s normal to have a range of emotions after an abortion, from relief to sadness. Support from friends, family, or a counselor can be helpful.
How to stop bleeding after abortion?
Understanding what to expect in terms of bleeding and recovery can help you manage the process more effectively.
To manage bleeding after an abortion, follow these steps:
- Rest: Take it slow for a few days, allow your body to completely recover from the process.
- Pain Relief: Pain relievers like ibuprofen or paracetamol can be used to manage cramping and discomfort. Consult a health professional before proceeding further.
- Bleeding Management: Use sanitary pads rather than tampons until the bleeding stops. Avoid using tampons during the abortion process to prevent infection.
How Long After Abortion Do Symptoms of Pregnancy Go Away?
After an abortion, the symptoms of pregnancy will gradually diminish. Here’s a general timeline of what to expect:
Immediate Changes:
- Within a Few Days:
- Nausea: Pregnancy-related nausea usually starts to improve within a few days after the abortion.
- Breast Tenderness: Breast soreness and tenderness often begin to decrease within a few days to a week.
Short-Term Changes:
- Within 1-2 Weeks:
- Fatigue: You may feel less tired as your hormone levels start to return to normal.
- Frequent Urination: This symptom usually resolves as your body readjusts.
Longer-Term Changes:
- Within 4-6 Weeks:
- Hormonal Adjustment: It can take several weeks for pregnancy hormones (hCG) to completely leave your body.
- Menstrual Cycle: Your regular menstrual cycle should resume within 4-6 weeks, though this can vary from person to person.
Conclusion
Abortion is a safe and legal medical procedure that can be performed using either medical or surgical methods. Proper aftercare is crucial to ensure a smooth recovery. If you’re considering an abortion, consult a certified healthcare provider and follow their instructions to minimize risks and maximize comfort.
Frequently Asked Questions :
1. How does abortion bleeding look like?
Bleeding after an abortion can vary in amount and duration. It may be heavier than a normal period, with clots and tissue passing. The bleeding can be intermittent, stopping and starting all over again. Not to worry this is the natural process of the body trying to expel the pregnancy to bring back the uterus to it’s initial state.
2. How many days to get periods after an abortion?
You can typically expect your period to return within 4-6 weeks after an abortion. However, it may take longer, up to 8-12 weeks in some cases, depending on the individual and chosen type of abortion.
3. Why am I still bleeding 8 weeks after an abortion?
Prolonged bleeding beyond 6 weeks may be a sign of retained pregnancy tissue or other complications. You should consult your healthcare provider immediately if the bleeding persists for more than 6 weeks.
4. What can cause no period after an abortion?
Lack of a period after an abortion can be caused by hormonal changes, stress, or other medical conditions. If you don’t get your period within 8-12 weeks, you should see your doctor.
5. How long after a miscarriage or abortion can you get pregnant?
You can get pregnant as soon as 2 weeks after an abortion or miscarriage, so it’s important to use contraception if you don’t want to get pregnant again right away.
6. Will I be able to conceive after an abortion?
In most cases, having an abortion does not affect future fertility, and you should be able to conceive again after your next normal menstrual cycle.
7. Is it easier to get pregnant after a miscarriage?
There is some evidence that fertility may temporarily increase after a miscarriage, but this is not a guarantee. Your chances of conceiving will depend on various factors.
8. How many days bleed after abortion ?
The duration and intensity of bleeding after an abortion can vary depending on the type of procedure and individual factors. Incase of medical abortion bleeding typically starts within hours of taking the medication and can last for 1 to 2 weeks. Some light spotting may continue for a few weeks after that. Bleeding after a surgical abortion generally lasts for 1 to 2 weeks. Some women may experience light spotting for a few additional weeks
