Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD for short, is a chronic illness in which stomach acid frequently refluxes back into the oesophagus, leading to symptoms such as heartburn and complications
Heartburn: A burning sensation in the chest and throat.
Regurgitation: The feeling of acid backing up into the throat or mouth
Difficulty Swallowing: A sensation of food sticking in the throat.
Chest Pain: Unease or pain that could resemble pain in the heart
Chronic Cough: A chronic cough that frequently occurs at night.
Sore Throat: Inflammation or irritation of the throat or oesophagus.
Vocal cord irritation: This results in hoarseness or changes in voice
Feeling of a lump in the throat: The sensation of something lodged in the throat, like a lump
Hernia: A hiatal hernia is a condition in which the upper portion of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm into the chest. It can weaken the LES and aggravate GERD.
Weak Lower Oesophageal Sphincter (LES): Some people may naturally have a weak LES, which makes it easier for stomach acid to reflux back into the oesophagus.
Obesity: Carrying too much weight, particularly in the abdomen, can put strain on the stomach and hasten the onset of GERD.
Smoking: Smoking can cause the LES to relax and thus aggravate GERD.
Specific Foods and Drinks: A number of foods and drinks, such as chocolate, coffee, alcohol, citrus fruits, spicy and fatty foods, can cause or exacerbate symptoms of GERD.
Delayed Stomach Emptying (Gastroparesis): Disorders that interfere with the stomach’s ability to empty can aggravate gastric reflux disease (GERD).
Connective Tissue Disorders: Scleroderma is one type of connective tissue illness that can impact the LES and aggravate GERD.
Specific treatments: A number of drugs, such as calcium channel blockers, antihypertensive drugs, and several asthma treatments, may exacerbate the symptoms of GERD.
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The diagnosis is usually made based on symptoms, and to determine the severity of acid reflux, testing such as endoscopy and pH monitoring will be performed.
When symptoms are severe and complications develop,
Although GERD is typically a chronic illness, medicines and lifestyle modifications will effectively manage symptoms.
Although heartburn is a typical GERD symptom, GERD is a long-term illness including frequent and persistent acid reflux
It is possible to manage GERD symptoms by avoiding foods and drinks that provoke the condition, such as spicy foods, coffee, and alcohol.
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