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Tumour and Treatments

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What is a Tumour?

An abnormal mass or lump of tissue that can form anywhere in the body is called a tumour. Benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) tumours are both possible. They can interfere with normal tissue function and are the outcome of unchecked cell development. Malignant tumours have the ability to penetrate neighbouring tissues and metastasis, posing a serious threat to health, whereas benign tumours are usually contained and do not migrate to other parts of the body. Depending on the type and stage of the tumour, medical imaging, biopsies, and a variety of therapeutic modalities, including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or targeted therapies, are frequently used in the diagnosis and treatment of tumours.

Causes of Tumour

Genetic Mutations: Modifications to a cell’s DNA can result in tumour development and unchecked cell division. Environmental factors can cause these mutations to either be acquired over time or be inherited.

Environmental Factors: There is a chance that a tumour will grow if you are exposed to specific environmental chemicals. This includes elements like some viruses, chemicals (carcinogens), and radiation.

Hormonal Factors: Hormonal fluctuations or imbalances can have an impact on certain tumours, including cancers of the breast and prostate.

Infections: A number of infections, including hepatitis B and C and the human papillomavirus (HPV), can raise the chance of developing malignant tumours.

Diet and Lifestyle: A sedentary lifestyle combined with a diet heavy in processed foods and red meat and low in fruits and vegetables can increase the risk of cancer.

Age: Long-term exposure to environmental conditions and accumulated genetic alterations enhance the likelihood of developing tumours, especially malignant ones.

Family History: If there is a history of the disease in the family, some individuals may be genetically predisposed to particular kinds of tumours.

Immune System Dysfunction: Tumour growth may result from a compromised immune system’s inability to identify and eradicate aberrant cells.

Radiation Exposure: Extended exposure to ionizing radiation, as in the case of occupational or medical settings, can raise the possibility of tumour development.

Reproductive Factors: Early menstrual onset, late menopause, and childlessness can all have an impact on the development of tumours in specific organs.

tumor treatment in chennai
tumor treatment in chennai

Symptoms of Tumour

Pain: Localized pain, discomfort, or a pressure-like sensation in the affected location are frequently brought on by tumours.

Lump or Mass: Notable lumps or masses, particularly in the case of superficial tumours, may be felt within the body or beneath the skin.

Modifications to Skin or Moles: Modifications to the moles’ or skin lesions’ size, shape, colour and texture may indicate the presence of skin cancer.

Unexplained Weight Loss: Certain tumour types, particularly malignant ones, might cause unintentional weight loss.

weariness: A number of malignancies can cause persistent weakness or weariness that doesn’t go away with rest.

Modifications to Bladder or Bowel Habits: Gastrointestinal or urinary tract tumours may result in modifications to the patterns of bowel movement.

Cough or Respiratory Symptoms: Chest pain, loss of breath, persistent lung infections, and chronic cough are all possible outcomes of lung tumours.

Neurological Symptoms: Headaches, convulsions, altered mental status, and neurological impairments including numbness or altered senses can all be brought on by brain tumours.

Digestive Problems: Indigestion, nausea, vomiting, or changes in appetite can all be caused by abdominal tumours.

Hormonal Changes: Endocrine system tumours can result in hormonal imbalances, which can cause symptoms like mood swings, frequent urination, and excessive thirst.

Bleeding or Discharge: Gynaecological, gastrointestinal, or other cancers may present with unexplained bleeding, discharge, or abnormalities in menstruation cycles.

Bone Pain: Skeletal issues, fractures, and bone pain can all be brought on by tumours in or close to the bones.

TREATMENT FOR TUMOURS

Excision or Resection: Removing the entire tumour and a margin of healthy tissue is the main objective of excision or resection surgery. If the tumour is isolated and has not spread, this method is frequently utilized for solid tumours and may be curative.

Laparoscopic or Minimally Invasive Surgery: tumours can be removed using minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopy. Small incisions arE made, and specialist tools and a camera are required for accurate removal.

Biopsy: A surgical biopsy entails taking a tiny sample of tissue in order to examine it and identify if the tumor is benign or malignant. It is frequently carried out prior to conclusive therapy

Combined Surgery and Radiation: To guarantee thorough treatment, some tumours may require surgery in addition to radiation therapy, particularly if the tumour is in a difficult-to-treat location or has the potential to spread further.

Reconstructive Surgery: In circumstances where significant tissue removal has occurred, reconstructive surgery may be carried out to restore the function and look of the damaged area after the tumour has been removed.

Debulking Surgery: This procedure reduces the size of the tumour to relieve symptoms and improve the efficacy of subsequent therapies in situations where the tumour cannot be removed entirely.

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: It involves removing the sentinel lymph node.  lymph node is the first to which cancer cells are likely to spread.

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Faq's

To identify the kind, size, and location of the tumour, a variety of techniques are used in the diagnosis process, including blood tests, biopsies, and medical imaging (MRIs and CT scans).

Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and hormone therapy are among the available treatment options. The tumour’s nature and stage will determine the best option.

Although some tumours cannot be prevented, you can lower your risk of developing some tumours by managing risk factors, avoiding tobacco and excessive sun exposure, and adopting a healthy lifestyle.

   Benign tumours are confined, non-cancerous, and do not spread to neighbouring tissues. Malignant tumours are capable of spreading.

No, the tumour’s nature and stage determine the course of treatment. Radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies are among further treatment options.

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